Grower’s Reference Guide – Apricot
Introduction
Apricots are a sweet, golden-orange fruit that pack a powerful punch of flavor and nutrition. Grown organically, they thrive in home orchards and offer the satisfaction of juicy, sun-ripened harvests without synthetic chemicals.
Fun Fact:
Apricots were once known as “Armenian plums” and were believed by the Romans to have originated in Armenia, though their true roots trace back to China.
Scientific Information
Scientific Name: Prunus armeniaca
Key Characteristics:
Apricots are small, round to oval stone fruits with velvety skin. They grow on deciduous trees that produce beautiful white to pink blossoms in early spring. Their sweet-tart flavor makes them popular for fresh eating, jams, and dried snacks.
Growth Overview
Annual or Perennial? Perennial
Growth Form: Medium-sized deciduous tree
Toxicity: Apricot kernels contain amygdalin, which can be toxic in large amounts. The fruit itself is safe and healthy.
Size & Growth Rate: Typically grows 15–25 feet tall. Moderate growth rate with full maturity in 3–5 years.
Growing Conditions
Ecosystem & Climate
Apricots prefer temperate regions with cold winters and warm, dry summers. They need chilling hours (between 300–900 hours below 45°F) to produce fruit.
Soil & pH
Well-draining loamy soil is ideal.
Soil pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (6.0–7.5).
Avoid waterlogged or heavy clay soils.
Watering & Humidity
Water deeply but infrequently.
Young trees: Weekly watering.
Mature trees: Every 10–14 days during dry spells.
Avoid overwatering, especially during fruit ripening.
Companion Plants
Good companions: Comfrey, chamomile, nasturtium, garlic, chives.
These help attract pollinators and repel pests.
Pollination Needs
Most apricot varieties are self-fertile, but planting more than one variety can increase yields.
Encourage pollinators with flowering herbs nearby.
Planting & Care
Propagation
From seed: Requires cold stratification and several years before fruiting.
From cuttings or grafted saplings: Preferred for reliable fruiting and faster growth.
Organic Fertilizers
Use compost, aged manure, or worm castings in early spring.
Feed again mid-season with organic potassium-rich fertilizer (e.g., kelp meal).
Mulching & Pruning
Mulch around the base with straw or bark to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Prune annually in late summer to:
Shape the tree
Remove dead/diseased wood
Improve airflow and sunlight penetration
Common Pests & Organic Solutions
Aphids: Use neem oil or insecticidal soap.
Fruit borers: Wrap trunks with tree guards.
Brown rot: Spray with organic copper fungicide and remove fallen fruit.
Harvesting & Storage
When & How to Harvest
Harvest when fruits turn golden-orange and feel slightly soft.
Gently twist and lift—don’t pull.
Storage & Preservation Methods
Eat fresh within 3–5 days.
Store in the fridge for up to a week.
Dehydrate, can, or freeze for long-term storage.
Pit and dry to make homemade dried apricots.
Usage & Nutrition Information
Edibility & Culinary Uses
Eaten fresh, grilled, stewed, baked, or dried.
Great for jams, chutneys, and desserts.
Nutritional Information (Per 100g)
Calories: 48
Fiber: 2g
Vitamin A: 96% DV
Vitamin C: 12% DV
Potassium: 259 mg
Health Benefits
Promotes eye and skin health.
High antioxidants protect against cell damage.
Aids digestion and hydration.
Simple Apricot Recipe: Fresh Apricot Jam
4 cups chopped apricots
2 cups cane sugar
2 tbsp lemon juice
Cook until thick, jar it up, and store!
Common Growing Issues & Troubleshooting
| Problem | Cause | Organic Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Blossoms drop early | Late frost | Use frost cloths or plant in a sheltered spot |
| Fruit splits | Inconsistent watering | Maintain steady moisture |
| Leaves curl/yellow | Aphids or overwatering | Inspect roots, use neem oil |
FAQs
Q: Do apricot trees need a pollinator?
A: Most are self-pollinating, but a second tree can boost yield.
Q: Can I grow apricots in containers?
A: Yes, dwarf varieties can be grown in large pots with good drainage.
Q: How long does it take for an apricot tree to bear fruit?
A: Grafted trees bear in 2–4 years; seed-grown trees can take 5+ years.
Q: When should I plant an apricot tree?
A: Early spring or fall (while dormant).
Q: Are apricot kernels edible?
A: Not recommended—contain amygdalin, which can be toxic.
Resources & Further Reading
“The Holistic Orchard” by Michael Phillips
Permaculture Research Institute (permaculturenews.org)
Local Extension Office Guides for Fruit Trees
GrowOrganic.com – Organic Tree Care Resources