Grower’s Reference Guide – Almond
Introduction
Almonds aren’t just delicious—they’re a symbol of prosperity and one of the most rewarding nut trees you can grow organically. With the right care, a single almond tree can produce abundant, nutrient-packed nuts for decades. Going organic when growing almonds means protecting soil health, supporting pollinators, and avoiding the heavy pesticide load typical in commercial production.
Fun Fact: Did you know that almonds are technically seeds, not true nuts?
Scientific Information
Scientific Name: Prunus dulcis
Key Characteristics: Deciduous tree with pink to white spring blossoms, producing a drupe fruit with a hard shell encasing the edible almond seed. Valued for culinary uses, oil production, and its beautiful ornamental flowers.
Growth Overview
Annual or Perennial? Perennial
Growth Form: Medium-sized deciduous tree
Toxicity: Almond leaves, bark, and bitter almond varieties contain cyanogenic compounds and are toxic to pets and humans if consumed in large amounts.
Size & Growth Rate: 10–15 feet tall when pruned; up to 30 feet if left unmanaged. Moderate to fast-growing in ideal conditions.
Growing Conditions
Ecosystem & Climate
Almonds thrive in warm, dry climates with long summers and mild winters. Think Mediterranean—zones 7 through 9 are ideal.
Soil & pH
Ideal Soil: Well-draining loam or sandy soil.
pH Range: 6.0 to 7.5
Add organic compost and worm castings to boost microbial activity and water retention.
Watering & Humidity
Almonds are drought-tolerant once established, but young trees need regular deep watering during dry seasons.
Avoid overhead watering to reduce fungal risk.
Companion Plants
Beneficial Companions: Comfrey, clover, borage, and yarrow—all attract pollinators and improve soil.
Avoid planting near tomatoes or peppers, which compete for nutrients.
Pollination Needs
Most almond varieties are not self-pollinating. Plant at least two compatible varieties or graft onto a multi-variety rootstock.
Bees are essential—grow wildflowers nearby and avoid any pesticide use.
Planting & Care
Propagation
Best grown from grafted nursery stock for true-to-type nuts and disease resistance.
Can also be propagated from cuttings, but with lower success rates.
Plant in early spring in full sun with ample space for roots to spread.
Organic Fertilizers
Apply composted manure or worm castings in early spring.
Top-dress with kelp meal and alfalfa for trace minerals and slow nitrogen.
Avoid high-nitrogen synthetic fertilizers.
Mulching & Pruning
Use organic mulch (wood chips or straw) around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Prune in late winter to maintain shape and improve airflow.
Remove suckers and crossing branches.
Common Pests & Organic Solutions
Aphids & mites: Neem oil spray or ladybugs.
Peach twig borer & navel orangeworm: Use pheromone traps and remove fallen nuts.
Fungal diseases: Prune for airflow and apply copper fungicide if necessary (OMRI-listed only).
Harvesting & Storage
When & How to Harvest
Harvest in late summer to early fall when the hulls split open.
Shake branches or hand-pick nuts. Dry in a shaded, well-ventilated area.
Storage & Preservation Methods
Once dried, store almonds in airtight containers in a cool, dry place.
Refrigerate or freeze for longer shelf life and to prevent rancidity.
Usage & Nutrition Information
Edibility & Culinary Uses
Almonds can be eaten raw, roasted, soaked, or turned into:
Almond butter
Almond milk
Almond flour
Confectionery and pastries
Nutritional Information (per 28g serving)
Calories: ~160
Protein: 6g
Fat: 14g (mostly healthy unsaturated fats)
Fiber: 3.5g
Vitamin E, magnesium, and manganese are especially high.
Health Benefits
Supports heart health
May help control blood sugar
Provides antioxidant protection
Recipes
Almond milk: Blend soaked almonds with water, strain, and chill.
Honey-roasted almonds: Toss with raw honey, cinnamon, and bake at 300°F.
Common Growing Issues & Troubleshooting
| Issue | Cause | Organic Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Yellowing leaves | Overwatering or nutrient deficiency | Improve drainage, add compost tea |
| Poor nut set | Lack of pollination | Add second variety, attract bees |
| Moldy nuts | Wet weather or poor drying | Improve harvest timing & dry better |
FAQs
Q1: How long before an almond tree produces nuts?
A: Grafted trees typically begin producing in 3–4 years, with full yield by year 6.
Q2: Can I grow almonds in containers?
A: Dwarf varieties can be grown in large pots, but yields will be limited.
Q3: Do almonds need a lot of water?
A: They need deep watering when young and during dry spells but are drought-tolerant when mature.
Q4: What’s the best variety for home growers?
A: Try ‘All-in-One’ – it’s semi-dwarf, self-fertile, and compact.
Resources & Further Reading
Books:
“The Holistic Orchard” by Michael Phillips
“Backyard Fruit Tree Basics” by Stella Otto
Websites: