Grower’s Reference Guide – Broccolini
Introduction
Broccolini, often called “baby broccoli,” is a hybrid between broccoli and Chinese broccoli (Gai Lan). It’s known for its long, slender stems and delicate florets, offering a milder, slightly sweeter taste compared to regular broccoli. An excellent addition to your organic garden, broccolini is a nutritious, fast-growing crop that thrives in cool seasons.
Fun Fact: Broccolini was first developed in Japan in 1993 and is sometimes marketed as “Asparation” due to its asparagus-like stems!
Scientific Information
Scientific Name: Brassica oleracea var. italica × alboglabra
Family: Brassicaceae (Mustard family)
Common Names: Baby broccoli, Asparation, Tenderstem broccoli
Origin: Hybrid developed in Japan
Growth Overview
Annual or Perennial? Annual
Growth Form: Upright, bushy plant with slender stems and small florets
Toxicity: Non-toxic to humans and pets
Size & Growth Rate: Grows to about 18-24 inches tall and 12-18 inches wide. Fast-growing, maturing in 60-90 days.
Growing Conditions
Ecosystem & Climate
Broccolini thrives in cool, mild climates with temperatures ranging from 60°F to 70°F (15°C to 21°C). It can tolerate light frosts but may bolt in prolonged hot weather.
Soil & pH
Ideal Soil: Loose, fertile, and well-draining with plenty of organic matter.
pH Level: Slightly acidic to neutral (6.0-7.0)
Preparation Tip: Incorporate compost or well-rotted manure before planting for nutrient-rich soil.
Watering & Humidity
Water Needs: Moderate and consistent. Keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged.
Humidity Tolerance: Moderate; avoid high humidity to reduce risk of mold and fungal diseases.
Watering Tip: Use drip irrigation to avoid wetting foliage and reduce disease risk.
Companion Plants
Best Companions: Beets, onions, spinach, and celery.
Avoid Planting With: Tomatoes, pole beans, and strawberries, as they can stunt growth.
Pollination Needs
Broccolini is self-pollinating but benefits from bee activity. Planting bee-attracting flowers nearby can improve yields.
Planting & Care
Propagation
Seeds: Sow directly outdoors 2-4 weeks before the last frost or start indoors 6-8 weeks before planting out.
Germination Time: 7-14 days
Transplanting: Move seedlings outdoors when they have at least 4-6 true leaves and the danger of frost has passed.
Organic Fertilizers
Compost Tea: Apply every 2-3 weeks during the growing season.
Worm Castings: Mix into the soil at planting and top-dress mid-season.
Fish Emulsion: Use as a foliar spray to boost growth.
Mulching & Pruning
Mulching: Apply a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Pruning: Trim yellowing or damaged leaves to maintain plant health.
Common Pests & Organic Solutions
Aphids: Spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Cabbage Loopers: Hand-pick or use row covers.
Flea Beetles: Apply diatomaceous earth around the base of plants.
Powdery Mildew: Increase airflow and apply a baking soda spray (1 tsp per quart of water).
Harvesting & Storage
When & How to Harvest
When to Harvest: 60-90 days after planting or when stems reach about 6-8 inches long.
Harvest Technique: Use clean, sharp scissors to cut the stems just above the base of the plant. Regular harvesting encourages continued production.
Storage & Preservation Methods
Refrigeration: Store in a plastic bag in the crisper drawer for up to a week.
Freezing: Blanch and freeze for long-term storage.
Tip: Don’t wash before storing to reduce spoilage.
Usage & Nutrition Information
Edibility & Culinary Uses
Broccolini is entirely edible, from stem to floret. It can be steamed, roasted, sautéed, or even grilled. Its mild flavor pairs well with garlic, lemon, and soy sauce.
Nutritional Information
Rich in: Vitamins A, C, and K, fiber, and antioxidants.
Health Benefits: Supports immune health, eye health, and bone strength.
Simple Recipe: Garlic Sautéed Broccolini
Heat olive oil in a pan over medium heat.
Add chopped garlic and sauté for 1 minute.
Add broccolini and a splash of water. Cover and steam for 3-5 minutes.
Season with salt, pepper, and a squeeze of lemon juice before serving.
Common Growing Issues & Troubleshooting
Bolting: Caused by hot weather. Ensure consistent, cool temperatures.
Yellowing Leaves: Usually due to nitrogen deficiency; side-dress with compost.
Wilting Despite Watering: Could indicate root rot. Improve soil drainage.
FAQs
Q1: Can I grow broccolini in containers?
A: Yes! Choose a container at least 12 inches deep and wide, and ensure good drainage.
Q2: Does broccolini regrow after harvesting?
A: Yes, it’s a cut-and-come-again crop. Harvesting regularly encourages new growth.
Q3: How long does broccolini take to mature?
A: Typically 60-90 days from planting.
Q4: Can I eat the leaves of broccolini?
A: Yes! The leaves are tender and can be used like kale or collard greens.
Q5: What’s the difference between broccoli and broccolini?
A: Broccolini has longer, thinner stems and a sweeter, milder taste compared to regular broccoli.
Resources & Further Reading
The Organic Gardener’s Handbook of Natural Insect and Disease Control
Seed Savers Exchange – Non-GMO, heirloom seeds
The Rodale Book of Composting – Learn how to create fertile, healthy soil